Utilising space, maximising yield
Integrating the layers
The 7 layer idea is modelled on how plants interact in a tropical jungle, where each plant fits into a particular niche; some in shade, some in direct sunlight, each perfectly adapted to the situation it finds itself in.
The principle is then applied in more temperate regions, to growing more temperate species, selecting the best of what is available to suit the climate and the needs of the garden designer. No two Forest Gardens are the same as there is no set plant list that has to be followed (although there are some core plants which most garden creators would like to include, site permitting) and no two sites have exactly the same aspect, soil conditions or shelter.
How the seven layers work together
The seven layered system is however universal in principle although the species selected will vary from garden to garden.
Level 1: the top of the canopy trees will naturally be the tallest and some may well be the widest too.
Level 2: is formed of Small trees
Level 3: is the shrub layer
Level 4: is formed of ground cover plants
Level 5: From herbaceous plants
Level 6: consisting of climbing plants
Level 7: Root crops
The key is to decide your plant spacings in relation to the desired results for both you and the plants within your site.
